Cost of Resource Essay

The allocation and cost of resources need to be carefully monitored if a project is to be delivered on-time and on-budget. At a minimum this section will contain the following: Allocation of resources to project tasks (both labor and material) Cost estimates for project resources Gantt diagram showing duration estimates for all tasks and their sequencing (including precedence relations) and highlighting any critical path(s) arising from task dependencies ultimately determining the minimal duration of a project In addition summarize any relevant facts about the project duration, number or type of resources, critical task sequencing, or how duration estimates were arrived at, and any financial implications (for example, budget or cost reports of the project as well) Develop a baseline for your project plan so that all future variances are captured. Write 3 to 4 pages on your findings. When it comes to succeeding in college, there are many influential factors. In fact, even your choice of seat can make a difference. Try to score a seat near the front of the lecture hall rather than one right next to the exit. You are more likely to stay engaged and can ask your professor questions easily.

My Ophidiophobia Essay

I don’t think that I’ve never had a time in my life when I was not afraid of snakes. To me there is nothing more freighting than this crawling, scaly, unblinking reptile that man has abhorred since the beginning of time. The subfield that is primarily connected with phobia is psychoanalytical psychology, behavioral psychology and neuropsychology. According to our text, Psychoanalysis is a method of therapy based on Freud’s theory of personality, in which the therapist attempts to bring repressed unconscious material into consciousness (Baron& Kalsher, 2008). Behavioral psychology is a school of psychology that clarifies all mental and bodily activity in terms of reaction by glands and muscles to external factors (stimuli). Neuropsychology studies the structure and purpose of the brain as they transmit to fixed emotional processes and behaviors. It is seen as a clinical and experimental field of psychology that aims to study, assess, understand and treat behaviors directly related to brain functioning. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how biological bases of behavior have contributed to this fear. I also will analyze my reactions when I came into contact with the physical presence of a fake reptile. And, finally, discuss the role that learning has had on the fact that I fear and hate snakes. Our text states that anxiety is an increased arousal accompanied by generalized feeling of fear or apprehension. When this fear becomes excessive or debilitating, this is known as a phobia. Findings by Ohman and Mineska have suggested that we may possess a biologically determined module in our brains for fear of snakes because this fear is beneficial for our survival (Ohman & Mineska, 2001). The question has been asked, what are the origins of phobias? One possibility involves the process of classical conditioning. A stimulus is introduced that was not supposed to elicit strong emotional reactions, in my case came to do so. I will discuss this in my physical reaction section. It could be surmised that humans learned to fear snakes early in their evolution and the ones who distinguished the existence of snakes very rapidly would have been more likely to pass on their genes. It is painful to analyze my reactions to snakes because, even thing about them make it very difficult to type. I really have a deep fear of them. The most frightening experience that I remember is a very cruel joke that my cousin played on me. He knew I was afraid of snakes but one day I was over his house and he called me into his room because he was hearing sounds. I walked in his room and he had a rattling devise hidden in his room and I heard it but did not associate it to a rattlesnake because there was no reason for one of them to be in the room. He reached under his bed a pulled out a realistic replica of a diamondback rattler and I immediately urinated all over myself while frozen in fear. When he saw what I had done, He profusely apologized he help me clean up the mess that I had made. Since this incident I feel that I have post-traumatic stress disorder because sometimes a dream about snakes for no reason. I refused to watch the move Anaconda and never have been in the snake house at the public zoo. The impact of foundational learning about my fear of snakes helps to give me an understanding of some of the reasons why I hate snakes so much without never really coming in contact with any deadly one in my whole existence. I have learned the origins of my phobia may come from some deeply rooted repressions deep in my brain and that snakes may represent something other than the physical creature that I detest and utterly dread. According to this theory, my phobia may be based in anxiety reactions of the id that have been repressed by the ego. The currently feared object is not the original subject of the fear. Also, according to learning theories, phobias develop when fear responses are reinforced or punished. My experience with my cousin reinforced the idea that snakes are to be terrified of. The medical models of psychology states that mental disorders are caused by physiological factors Neuropsychologists have acknowledged that certain genetic factors that may play a role in the advance of phobias. Although the investigation is still in its early stages, it is recognized that certain medicines that affect the brain’s interaction are helpful in treating phobias (Ohman, Flykt, & Estevez, 2001). In conclusion, there seems to be numerous options available for me to seek help if I decide to address my ophidiophobia. If one takes the psychoanalytical approach, if may take years of psychoanalysis to delve deep into the recesses of my brain and pull out repressed memories that were the foundation of my fear of snakes. Next, from a learned behavior approach, I may be re-programmed not to experience the triggers that lead to the debilitating feeling that I have when I come in close proximity of snakes. Finally, if neuropsychology holds the answer to my problem, I may take the route of taking experimental medication to determine it helps my fear. I think that I am more afraid of experimental drugs than I am of snakes, so, if I had the resources, I would probably choose the first two alternatives.

Comparison between Jack Welch and Larry Page for Tracking Out the Dissertation

Comparison between Jack Welch and Larry Page for Tracking Out the Ultimate Leaded - Dissertation Example Two great leaders like Jack Welch and Larry Page has been considered and a comparative study has been performed on their leadership qualities. Jack Welch is considered as the man behind General Electric’s (GE) success story during the period 1980 to 1990. Despite being of young age and having less experience, Welch went on to perform better than his predecessor (Mayo and Nohria, 2005). Larry Page who is quite well known as a manager has made positive contributions towards Google. He created the algorithm known as Page Rank ranking the different existing websites. Google has used this site successfully to publish an order of the sites on the web (JBC on Journal Ranking, 2012). Although leadership and management are distinct concepts, yet they complement each other. Both the concepts play an important role for business growth and prosperity. But as per the current scenario of US Companies’ it is found that there management is excessive for these companies but they lack ab le leaders. A company requires a strong combination of both leadership and management in order to prosper. The ability of a leader lies in accepting upcoming business challenges and in dealing effectively with those challenges in the business world (Kotter, 1990). However leadership goals are mainly ambitious one but the managers set goals as per the needs of the company. Managerial culture has more rationality embedded in it and differs a lot from the culture which leaders bring within their companies. Leadership is known to have more practical implications while managers operate more on the notion of efficiency (Zalzenik, 2004). It has been found for business growth more concentration needs to be placed on the notion of effectiveness rather than efficiency (Drucker, 2006). Companies’ Board of Directors are now in constant search of business leaders to be the CEOs of their companies. They are not content with mere experience of the candidates for eligibility (Khurana, 2002). With this at the backdrop it can be argued that Jack Welch can be considered as a better leader than Larry Page being a business leader rather with the technical background like Page. The paper intends to support such an argument by making a comparison of the leadership qualities of Jack Welch and Larry Page for tracing out the more able and ultimate leader among both of them thereby taking a look at the background of the two great leaders. In recent times the established business schools running the MBA courses are entrusted with the job of selecting those candidates who have the capability of becoming able mangers in the future. Such a selection of applicants is done by testing their leadership qualities. High marks in GMAT are not considered as the sole indicator of managerial skills (Training Mangers not MBAs, n.d., p.81). Business schools are criticized if they fail in creating able leaders. Without leadership qualities the business schools may not be able to come up with grad uates who have real managerial potentials and can do well in corporate sector. Such a failure may be considered equivalent to a crisis arising in management study. Such MBA graduates in future may assume high positions in management of business schools and for this leadership qualities are essential (Bennis and O’Toole, 2005). The main objectives of businesses are to obtain fruitful outcomes. An organization’

Writing a event vividly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Writing a event vividly - Essay Example Even with my nervousness, the girl noticed me and came closer, from her marvelous smile, and the first word from her gave me the courage to speak to her. Through the first conversation I could feel love feelings oozing out of my heart, as I conversed with her, Emma, as she told me her name was, was the girl I had been searching for, she was definitely the my destiny and the love of my life. Reading my story, one might think that I am too sentimental as a man, in my mind I now believed that love existed. From that supermarket moment, I laid siege to Emma, I did everything possible to win her heart over, I turned into this romantic guy I never thought I could be. Almost all my activities towards her were romantic, in most cases I found myself thinking about her and how our next date would be. After some time, my tremulous attention, and my unending pursuit made Emma say â€Å"yes† to my proposal of having a relationship with me. Emma and I were soon dating; obviously, we were in love, and no doubt that the relationship was the beginning of the happiest time of my life. At least, I thought that for I was flying high, the voice deep down kept telling me â€Å"you the luckiest man alive.† Every day I was planning something new and interesting to make Emma happy. Every minute I spent away from her seemed like a lifetime, the time I spent with her was the best moments of my life. We even had our places in parks, cinemas, cafes and just in the streets, we enjoyed each other’s time, to some extent, my future was clear Approximately, seven months into our romantic relationship, Emma told me that there was no future for us; apparently, her parents did not see me as a good life partner for their daughter. The case was that Emma’s family was against miscegenation; they were white Americans and did not want representatives of other nations or races to enter into their family. Moreover, there was a good marriage candidate for Emma, a son of her

Black & Decker - Eastern Hemisphere and ADP Initiative Case Study

Black & Decker - Eastern Hemisphere and ADP Initiative - Case Study Example Also, they faced certain challenges in these regions. Bill Lancaster, after his appointment as President in October 1995, wanted to set things right in his region i.e. Eastern Hemisphere. Bill Lancaster had certain concerns with relation to the Eastern Hemisphere organization and wanted to acquire a clear understanding of the scenario by discussing and seeking views of the existing employees and members of the Management Advisory Council (MAC). His prime concern was the fact that he found significant disparity in the ‘management styles’ that existed in the region. He found that certain managerial styles emphasized on employee empowerment whereas, others belonged to old authoritarian method. From his observation he felt that a few managers were bad managers. The other aspect was related to the growth and development of the people as he felt that in this region quite a few people were stagnant in their position. The other crucial matter of concern was with regards to exist ing process of management assessment as well as development system. They followed MBO-type system which had been discarded in the US a few years before. Bill Lancaster observed that these concerns required immediate addressing in order to not only increase the organizational growth in the Eastern Hemisphere organization but also to instigate human resource growth and development. ... ADP method of appraisal was observed to be one of the best tools available to provide employees with set goals and career plans similar to MBO process. The added benefit that ADP provided was that it was undeniably superior to MBO in guiding people towards growth prospects. The ADP plan followed six steps appraisal process which was in line with the 3600 appraisal method. This plan worked as immense aid for a manager as they were provided with the feedback about a subordinate who was reviewed by his peers and also by himself. It helped to reduce the burden of evaluation of an employee by a manager and also it provided a varied perspective towards an employee which in the long run helped in building leaders for the future which was greatly required in the Eastern Hemisphere organization. Thus, ADP had undoubted potential to develop people which was a major weakness in the organization. 2) What Concerns Do Asian Managers Have About ADP? How Substantive Are These Concerns? In the US, th ere was certain skepticism with ADP. The concerns were regarding its acceptability among the employees other than the senior level. It was also thought that the 3600 feedback process will give rise to biasness as popularity of an employee with the managers of would play a major role in getting a good review. The enormities of the process of collecting as well as processing of the feedback were also a major concern. The process was also thought to be devoid of providing any reward for a job done well by an employee. These concerns that were quite substantial in the US were seen to be raised in some form or the other among the Asian managers. The concerns among the Asian managers were that Asian people were generally thought to be averse from criticism

CHILDHOOD OBESITY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

CHILDHOOD OBESITY - Research Paper Example I. Parents fear the intervening in their child’s life regarding food and eating would result in their losing their child’s love and appreciation. A. Parents need to realize that their child’s health issue needs to be identified and confronted. B. This intervention should be done by the parents since they are the ones whom the child can trust and gain support from. II. Some parents feel that their overweight children will grow out of their weight problems as the years go by. A. Children normally gain weight throughout their early years of childhood because it is a necessary part of the growth process. B. However we cannot depend on the child’s routine growth spurts to compensate for the child’s weight problem. III. Some parents feel that their child may seem overweight based on growth charts but it is not really a weight problem since everyone in their family is ‘big boned’. A. Focus should be on the growth and body mass index charts. B. One cannot rationalize the overweight issue of a child. IV. Parents are responsible to adapt healthy meals and exercise routines to help their children to lead healthy lifestyles. Parents should therefore lead by example. Childhood obesity is one of the leading healthcare issues facing children and adolescents in America today. Nearly 10% of children below 2 years and 21% of children between the ages of 2 and 5 years are classified as being overweight for his or her age and height (Ogden et. al., 242). Childhood obesity has been found to be more prevalent among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic preschool-aged children compared to non-Hispanic white children (Anderson et. al., 344). The extra pounds in children often lead to health issues that were once common among adults like diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Childhood obesity can also lead to poor self esteem and depression in children. Although a lot has been blamed on television food advertising (Mehta, 535), sp ending too much time in front of the T.V. or computer, lack of exercise and proper nutrition, one cannot ignore the fact that parents are ultimately responsible for the health of their child and they need to set examples and encourage their children to choose a healthier lifestyle. Some parents do not agree with this idea because they maintain that their children should grow up being independent and have the freedom to choose what they want to eat or what they want to do. They claim that if they intervene in their child’s life regarding food and eating, it could make matters worse or lose their child’s love and appreciation (Natenshon, 2). They also fear that they may interfere with their child’s privacy and developing autonomy by stepping in to rectify an eating problem in the making. However, parents need to recognize that their child’s health issue cannot be resolved unless and until it is identified and confronted. And who better to do it than someone whom they can trust and gain support from – the parents! In fact, some health care professionals also believe that parents should not be involved in their child’s treatment for eating disorders. They express concern about the issues of separation/individuation and the need for protecting the child’s privacy. But this stance too frequently blinds them to the need to educate and guide parents through family therapy, where they become mentors to their child and provide a supportive environment to their child to assist in the recovery process. These professionals must understand that the most successful separation takes place through healthy bonding between parents and children. Studies have shown that working with parents to prevent obesity in the early years can place young children on a lifelong trajectory toward

Competition Policy and a Single European Market Research Paper

Competition Policy and a Single European Market - Research Paper Example Being a member of the European EMU (Economic and Monetary Union) may be defined on the basis of four aspects. First, the members are defined by a single currency. Secondly, they not only enjoy a common monetary policy, but they also share similar interest rates. Then there is the issue of budget deficit limits, which in this case has been set at 3 per cent of a member country’s GDP. Finally, members enjoy capital; market integration. Talk has been rife that CEECs (Central and Eastern European Countries) may enlist for membership of EMU. However, there are a few elements that hinder such a move. These countries are poor, with low wage and income earner. They have low populations, and their economy may at best be said to be transitory. In addition, they are also industrially different, relative to the EMU countries. In the event that the CEECs become EMU members. Chances are that price, wage and cost transparency of industrial products may be experienced (Oudenaren 2005). In add ition, there will no longer be a market barrier that exists between EMU members and non-EMU members (Ackerman 2006). This in effect will lead to an expanded market to East and Central Europe. Without a doubt, the idea of CEECs joining EMU shall have far-reaching repercussions. For starters, we might very well witness a rise in migration to west EU, because of the availability of better-paying jobs and living conditions. On the other hand, the risk of doing business could as well increase, because of the industrial differences in doing business between, on the one hand, the CEECs and on the other hand, the countries in west EU (Oudenaren 2005).

Quality management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Quality management - Assignment Example constitute an organization’s stakeholders. Any of these variables has the potential to affect or be affected by the actions of an organization or project. For instance, when aligning goals management should ensure that there is an investor value proposition which can attract and satisfy investors. In the same way, only if the program involves buyer value, it can attract and retain its customers. However, the value attributed to each group can add to the overall success of the business only if reciprocity ensured. If the suppliers do not keep a favorable stance, the company cannot meet its customer needs in proportion to the customer value. This is the context when a business management has to demonstrate its ability to align the stakeholders. When a firm offers high quality products to its customers, it should also ensure that its suppliers are also treated with fair price. Obviously, a profit driven organization tends to fail in this regard. As Jeston and Nelis point out, one of the primary steps of any project is the ‘identification and analysis of the project stakeholders’; and this analysis involve understanding the leadership styles, stakeholder position in the organization, their personal drives etc (264). Stakeholders possess a significant role in the progress of the business. For instance, meeting the expectation of the stakeholder in a responsible manner is important. Every organization or company has its own goal or target; and completion of such strategy always assures company’s and stakeholders’ prosperity. Theories of Cornell University are the perfect examples for this as it always focuses on three aspects such as â€Å"understanding expectation, measurement and accountability† ("Stakeholder Alignment Model"). Economic growth and achieving targets are always the two pillars of a strong business firm. There are numerous hurdles to overcome in order for achieving a common goal. First of

Nurse as a team member communication, change process, group process Research Paper

Nurse as a team member communication, change process, group process - Research Paper Example Prepare for disasters and general health care in the community. Developing internal understanding among group members as they contribute positively to save lives in areas that have just been hit by disasters. This involves the commitment to selflessness and to save and rescue as many victims of the disaster as possible. Bodies that have not survived disasters to be handled with decency and to make sure they are identified (Ott, 2007). 8:00 am Commencement of the rescue operation.(The injured are transferred to the health camp within for first aid, ambulances on standby to rush the most serious cases to the hospital for further medical assessment. N/B: The entire operation does not stop when this group winds up. Another group comes in to work in the night session if at all the rescue process is very demanding.However,night sessions only apply in very serious disasters. Normally reinforcement is usually very necessary. The director took the general leadership role. He however delegated supervisory role to the coordinators who fore saw the operations carried out by each group division. Leadership in this instance is characterized by a lot of team consultation. The director makes his decisions based on the feedback from the assisting staff and coordinators. Decisions made also depend on emerging situations that may arise in the camp in the sense that some cases require much emergency response than the others (Northouse,

High School Graduation Essay Example for Free

High School Graduation Essay Throughout life people go through so many hardships. Whether it be good or bad there is always something that comes out of the situation. One of the most exciting but yet scariest events would be graduation. So it was the day before graduation and we were having our graduation practice. Standing outside in the line alphabetical order me and classmates talked and waited for practice to start. The sun was beating down, the smell of fresh cut grass filled out our nose. We were all just ready to get it over with. Sitting talking with my classmates discussing our future plans. Debating whether or not we will miss high school, but knowing we will definitely miss each other. So finally it came to practice walking across the stage, so the assistant principle called my name and shook my hand and handed me my mini diploma. Then it finally hit me like a speeding express train, I was about to graduate. May 18th 2012, finally it was here the day of my commencement. I can almost remember that day like it was yesterday, I awoke like on any other school day. That day was crazy, I was running errands and preparing for my graduation and after party. So the time had come for me to put on my blue and gold cap and gown with my gold cords which I had worked so hard for. I had so much sense of pride at the moment all I needed was my diploma in my hand. So the final moment had come and it was time to walk the field. The music stared and we proceeded to walk down the field to our seats. Glancing out at the packed stands I could see my family and friends. While waiting for my name to be called, I reminisced on all the good times I’ve had in high school and all the friendships I’ve made. Finally my row was directed to get up and proceed to the stage and my heart was racing. Thinking it was finally over, no more high school. I hear my name called and I hear all of my family and friends screaming and clapping for me and it made everything I had done to achieve the diploma my principle handed me after shaking my hand. As I was walking back to my seat with my diploma I was envisioning that I had just closed one chapter to my life and I was excited to embark or my next journey. Graduation is an exciting time in a person’s life, especially a high school graduation. When I think of family and friends gathering together to celebrate a joyous occasion, I feel I accomplished my strongest goal. It never occurred to me that graduation would be the end of my youth and the start of adulthood. Graduating from high school was an influential event that gave me a new outlook on life.

Types of Evidence in Criminal Investigation

Types of Evidence in Criminal Investigation Collecting the Evidence Collecting evidence from a crime scene is a crucial aspect of solving crimes. Before evidence can be seized, there must first be a court order approving the search of the crime scene and the seizure of the evidence found at the scene. Standard protocol for officers is for them to always use latex gloves, avoid plastic bags, double wrap small objects, package each object separately, and to collect as much evidence as possible. It is better to have too much evidence than to not have enough. There are countless amounts of evidence that can be found at a crime scene. Blood stains are one type of evidence that can be found at a crime scene. Blood that is still in the liquid form should be picked up on a gauze pad. Once the blood is dried thoroughly it should be refrigerated and sent to the Laboratory (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 1). If the blood stain is found dried on clothing, the officer should wrap the piece of clothing in clean paper and place it in a sealed and labeled container. An object with dried blood stains needs to be sent to the Laboratory if it is small enough. If the object is too large to send, then using a clean knife the stain needs to be scraped onto a clean piece of paper, which then can be folded and placed in an envelope (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 2). When collecting autopsy blood samples, the officer should request that the pathologist obtain the sample directly from the heart and place it in a yellow or purple stoppered vacutainer. If the victim is still alive but in serious need of a blood transfusion, then the pre-transf usion blood sample needs to be obtained promptly before the hospital discards it (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 4). It is important for the Laboratory to receive all blood samples within 48 hours or the samples may be useless. Another type of evidence that can be collected at a crime scene includes seminal stains. These are most commonly found on clothing, blankets, and sheets. Similar to liquid blood stains, seminal stains need to be air dried before being packaged and sent to the Laboratory (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 10). Victims in sex offense cases should always be examined by a physician. The physician uses a Sexual Assault Evidence Collection Kit to collect evidence directly from the victim. Hair samples can also be found at crime scenes. Collecting hair can be made easier by using tweezers. The collected hair should be placed in coin envelopes then folded and sealed in larger envelopes. If hair is found attached to an object, the officer should leave the hair intact and package the entire object (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 13). In an attempt to collect the ideal 50 to 100 head hairs or 30 to 60 pubic hairs wanted for rape cases, the victim or suspect should bend over a large sheet of clean paper and rub their hands through their hair (Andrus et al., n.d. para. 15). The loose hair will fall out on the paper and can then be collected. Collected fibers and threads are another type of evidence found at a crime scene. Such evidence is most commonly found caught in torn materials. Once collected, the officer should put the sample in a paper bindle that is then placed in a sealed and marked coin envelope. If the fibers are short or are few in number, the officer should send the entire area containing the fibers to the Laboratory (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 19). Any clothing from which the collected fibers or threads may have originated from must also be packaged and sent to the Laboratory. Glass is commonly found at crime scenes. Small glass fragments should be placed in paper bindles which should then be put in a marked and sealed coin envelope. Large glass fragments should be placed in boxes with cotton or tissue to prevent the fragments from breaking during shipment (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 23). If a small broken window is found, the officer should send the whole window to the Laboratory. If the window is large, the officer should send in individual samples from different areas of the window. However, the whole broken window may be necessary if the glass samples are large enough to match the broken edges (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 24). For auto glass and auto headlights, the officer should send any remaining broken pieces along with the new lens to the Laboratory. It is important that all glass found at the scene be recovered and sent to the Laboratory. Any objects that may have been contaminated with glass should be wrapped in paper and also sent to the Laborat ory for examination (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 26). Glass from a distance away may also need to be collected depending on the crime being investigated. The entire fire scene in arson cases should be examined in search for flammable fluids. Flammable fluids may have been placed in other locations around the scene so it is important to extend the search to areas around the scene where burning did not occur. Wood can be used to detect traces of the fluid it should be sent to the Laboratory for examination. Officers should pour a small amount of found volatile liquids into an airtight glass. Small objects containing the flammable fluid should be placed in small sealed metal cans. If the samples are too large for cans they should be placed in heat-sealed KAPAK plastic before being sent to the Laboratory (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 45). Examiners can still detect flammable fluids on burnt objects, so as long as the object is not charred they should be sent to the Laboratory. There are many pieces of firearms evidence that can be found at a crime scene. First thing to know is that the only time a loaded weapon can be submitted to the Laboratory is if it is hand delivered. All magazines should be removed from the weapon, but unfired cartridges may be left in the magazine (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 47). Officers need to record the serial number, make, model, and caliber of the weapon. The weapon should then be placed in a strong cardboard or wooden box and sent to the Laboratory (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 49). Bullets and cartridge cases should be wrapped in paper and sealed in pill boxes before being sent. Ammunition, powder, and gunshot residue need to be recovered quickly and gingerly to prevent contamination. Tool marks can also be evidence found at a crime scene. This type of evidence can either be impressions left by the tools on objects, or the physical tool itself. The recovered tools should be wrapped in paper and packaged before shipping to the Laboratory. Send in the whole object containing the tool marks if it is small enough. If it is not possible to send in the entire object, photographs and sketches of the area containing the mark need to be taken and sent to the Laboratory (Andrus et al., n.d., para. 53). Latent fingerprints are commonly found at crime scenes. Most fingerprints will be found on paper, glass, metal, or other smooth surfaced objects. When picking up the objects it is important for the officer to touch as little as possible and in areas least likely to contain prints so that they will be less likely to smear the prints. Large objects should be fastened down with string on wood or heavy cardboard (Andrus et al., n.d., para 53). Papers and documents need to be individually placed in a cellophane or manila envelope which needs to be placed in between two sheets of cardboard paper. It can then be placed in a box for mailing. The amount of evidence can either help win or lose a case. Every crime scene has evidence available for officers to collect. It is important for them to know what the standard protocol is for collecting evidence and how to properly collect it without contamination. References Andrus, R., Bailey, J., Sprague, T., Springer, F., Tulleners, F., Wiersema, S., et al. (n.d.). Crime Scene Investigator Network: Evidence Collection Guidelines. Retrieved January 15, 2014, from http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/collect.html#1

Avalon: Isle of Mystery Essays -- Island Avalon Essays

Avalon: Isle of Mystery The island of Avalon has been shrouded in mystery throughout the history of the Arthurian legend. Named Ynyswytryn, meaning "the glassy isle", it was famous as the Celtic paradise "The Happy Island of the Blest" (Webb 11). In the earliest religion it was believed that the souls of the dead were borne westward to "†¦an Island in the Western Sea, to the abode of Glast and Avallac†¦.Thus in later times was Arthur to be borne to the 'Island Valley of Avillion' " (Webb 11). The island supposedly held a mystic cauldron of Regeneration into which dead are dipped to spring out into a new life (Webb 12). In the Life of Gildas written by Caradoc of Llancarvan, Arthur comes to Glastonbury, and the writer tells us that the "City of Glass" derives its name from the British Yniswitrin, yet gives no hint that it was identical with Avalon (Robinson 7). "The Spoils of Annwn" also mentions the island, saying that after the battle of Camlan, Taliesin brings the wounded Arthur to Insula Pomorum, which is an attempt to translate the Welsh Ynys Avallach, and leaves Arthur there under the care of Morgen (Loomis, Roger Wales 154). Morgen was the chief of nine maidens on the island and was skilled in the arts of healing; the 4th line, 2nd stanza says that "By the breath of nine maidens it [the cauldron] was kindled" (Loomis, Roger Wales 154). A 12th century Welsh tradition derived the name of the island of Avalon from Avallach, the father of Morgain; from this, the Arthur legend acquired the name as well as the ministrations of Morgain le Fà ©e (Loomis, Roger Wales 72). William of Malmesbury, writing around 1125, also attributes the name to "a certain Avalloc, who is said to have lived there with his daughters because of the s... ...6. Loomis, Richard M. "Arthur in Geoffrey of Monmouth." The Romance of Arthur. Ed. James J. Wilhelm. New York: Garland, 1994. Loomis, Roger Sherman. Celtic Myth and Arthurian Romance. New York: Columbia UP, 1926. Wales and the Arthurian Legend. Cardiff: U of Wales P, 1956. Parry, Joseph D. "Following Malory out of Arthur's World." Modern Philology. 95.2 (1997): 147. Reid, Margaret J. C. The Arthurian Legend: Comparison of Treatment in Modern and Midiaeval Literature. London: Oliver and Boyd, 1938. Robinson, J. Armitage. Two Glastonbury Legends: King Arthur & St. Joseph of Arimathea. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1926. Webb, Albert E. Glastonbury: Ynyswytryn; Isle of Avalon. Glastonbury: Avalon,1929. Wilhelm, James J. "Arthur in the Latin Chronicles." The Romance of Arthur. Ed. James J. Wilhelm. New York: Garland, 1994.

Andrew Carnegie :: essays research papers

Andrew Carnegie was not only an outstanding industrialist, but also a great philanthropist. In the excerpt from page 105, Carnegie is stating that an end to Individualism would result in a revolution not an evolution because it is changing human nature itself, and there would be no way to know if it would even be a change for the better. This excerpt was one trying to convey a communist utopia; a policy of working for the better of each other, not just for the individual alone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This concept of ending Individualism and beginning one class of people, is one that arises with each leader (especially communist) trying to change a society during this period of history. I don’t believe, however, that Andrew Carnegie was trying to become a leader or begin a revolution. He was strictly stating his opinions on wealth and in turn giving that wealth away. Carnegie was a man of many contradictions. He was the wealthiest human being of all time, and he was convinced of the value of poverty in developing character.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Carnegie’s later life, I believe he had realized his selfishness with his wealth and felt the need to give it away. In the excerpt, I feel he was assessing his own situation of wealth and was trying to encourage the rest of mankind to not live the type of life he had experienced. He stated, â€Å"it is a nobler ideal that man should labor, not for himself alone, but in and for a brotherhood of his fellows, and share with them all in common†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I sense that the reason he made this statement was to encourage mankind to give away their wealth and not hold it for their own possession. Carnegie felt that society should work together instead of individually.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In many ways I agree with his statement, but I don’t feel that this is a feasible concept. Individualism is something I wouldn’t want taken away from me because I wouldn’t be able to have that constant desire to better myself.

Essay --

The Great Depression was an absolute economic disaster that occurred after the big stock market crash of 1929. This crashed occurred mainly because of all the excitement caused by the Roaring Twenties. Popular items like automobiles and household appliances ended up being produced in much greater quantities than were being sold. The current president of the United States, Herbert Hoover, was not succeeding at all in putting an end to The Great Depression. All Americans were desperate to find someone who would aid them in climbing out the great sink hole that was the stability of the United States. Thankfully, for them, Mr. Hoover’s successor will be the man to do the trick of bringing America out of that hole. The First and Second New Deals were responses to the worst economic tragedy in American history. Without these deals, America’s economy would have been disastrous for much longer and could have easily had a role on our economic stability today. After taking oath of office on March 4, 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt knew that he was going to have a lot on his presidential plate. At this point in time, the economy was almost to the point of completely collapsing. Roosevelt grew up in a rich family and was never one that ever had to work just to make ends meet. He was quite intelligent, graduating from Harvard. He is known for having a charming personality and he knew how to persuade anyone to get what he wanted done accomplished. After graduating from Harvard, he started a career in banking and then went on to become the governor of New York in 1928. So, he was more than qualified for the presidency and many had faith that he could play a big role in saving America’s economy. On March 5, 1933, one day after taking oath, Roos... ...f The Great Depression. Roosevelt and his administrations efforts simply put people back to work helped stabilize the economy and gave Americans hope. Some parts of the New Deals were successful, some were not so much so. All of these acts are also responsible for providing an infrastructure to the current economic system of America and it also provided smaller things like great roads, bridges and dams to greater acts like Social Security. Roosevelt’s reforms put an end to many disasters but on the other hand, he knew there were problems that he could not change so he left them be. His efforts were so well-known and praised that after he ran for election again in 1936, he beat the Republican Party by a landslide which showed that the Americans supported him and his great actions. He deserves most, if not all of the credit for the successes of the American economy.

The Beaux-Arts Style

The beaux-arts style of architecture dominate the architecture of public buildings from 1890 to 1920 because the style was first popularized during the well attended Columbian Exposition of 1893. This style was to be emulated by many entities far and wide. The term â€Å"Beaux Arts† refers to the com/music-appreciation-final/">American Renaissance period from about 1890 to 1920 and encompasses the French Renaissance, the Italian Renaissance, and the neoclassical Revivals.In addition, most of the leading American architects of that period had been academically trained many of whom had trained at Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris.These facts, together with the fact that America was emerging as a dynamic industrially powerful nation and was becoming a world power at the same time, were proof that America had arrived. Added together, these facts pushed the citizens of the nation to desire architectural proofs of their aspirations and desire to prove to the word that America was a cult ural and political equal to any nation in the world. The Beaux-Arts style is extravagant reflecting the attitude and taste of the industrial barons of this pre-tax era. Their homes were flamboyant and theatrical reflecting a desire to flaunt their wealth.The Beaux-Arts style fits this desire precisely. These industrialists gave commissions to these architects to build their sumptuous residencies in fashionable neighborhoods and exclusive summer enclaves. These grand houses reflected the desire for â€Å"conspicuous consumption. † This spirit of grandeur prompted many cities to erect grand public buildings as well. Every city aspired to outdo its neighbor. The American dream was to emulate the lead of the industrialists and proclaim their wealth and solidity. Public libraries, train stations, town halls, courthouses, office buildings, even prisons manifested this grandeur.Because this style is classical in nature but grand in scale, the buildings are more extravagant. This sty le is theatrical. Elaborate moldings, pilasters, wreaths, garlands, festoons, dentils, cartouches and figure sculpture all are a part of this style. This proclaims to the world power and wealth. Exactly what the era was about. This reflected what the nation’s psyche was about during this period. Bold, new, powerful, and wealthy. This nation was finally a force to be reckoned with. No longer a colonial appendage, but a country equal to any and all.

Contribution of Clausewitz to the Development of Military Strategy Essay

Carl von Clausewitz or known as General Carl Phillip Gottfried von Clausewitz was born in Magdenburg in July 1, 1780 and died of cholera at the age of 51 in Breslau, Germany in November 16, 1831. He left a legacy that until this day his writings are still compulsory for reading in military academies both in the US and Europe. He famous book â€Å"Von Kriege† or translated in English as â€Å"On War† discusses many of his optimisms in considering war as an extension of political thoughts rather than pure readings for military strategies. Analysts say Clausewitz’s theories of war were considerations during war and not provocations on how to stage war against the enemies. In fact, he is not the total war strategist of the â€Å"absolute war† as other people branded him but even though his thoughts does not provoke the art of making war our armed forces until today consider them as great contributions to the development of military strategies because of his concepts in advising technical discussion in the event of war. Although Clausewitz wrote about different battle conditions, he goes further in relating battles to psychological and political considerations. He became popular in connecting his principles of war to be regarded as motivation for military strategies because his theories inspire military leaders to act on certain situations according to the demand of the situation. Therefore his theories must never be applied as models of committing war but to serve as aids to judgment during wars. However, through the passing of time most of his tactical views were altered or replaced by other political and strategic thoughts but what he left about military systems and political strategies are regarded as pure standard for military strategic commitments (Teijebakker, 2008). Clausewitz served as a Prussian soldier, military historian and military theorist whose influence was most famous for military treatise. Although participated in military campaigns, his sole purpose was to be a military theorist and do examinations of war.   During his time, other soldiers also examined the war during the Napoleonic era but not any of them has undertook the greatest philosophical examination of war other than Clausewitz and Tolstoy did. Another great writer, Jomini also took the same observation as Clausewitz but while Jomini based his theories on the system of war, Clausewitz writes on the philosophical view of it. If we are going to asses Clausewitz’s philosophical view that militaries based the development of their strategies, we can see that Clausewitz has been able to introduced systematic philosophical inspection into Western and European military thinking. His strategic principles have powerful implications that are used for historical and analytical writing but also for logical policy, military education and planning on operations. Clausewitz believes that war is just a natural event that is part of social organisms such as man and always part of practical experience. He underlined that warfare is just as changeable as our societies that is why there is the need for the distinction in manipulating strategies and tactics. He also asserted that there are no fixed principles that are adapted for tactical calculations and no laws for strategies either because wars are not all the same. This kind of philosophy motivates military leaders to assume that because of the changeable attitude and conditions of war, Clausewitz provokes on the idea that defense is a stronger form of strategic principle than offense. This is because as Clausewitz warned, once offensive advantage has an imbalance of momentum such as a weakened or divided forces, the offensive stance can transform into a defensive orientation. So the general principle, as he stresses, is that defense is a prerequisite for good offense (Abegglen, 2003). Moreover, Clausewitz great emphasis on military strategies is that he wants to emphasize that wars are the continuation of government policies or in other words an extension of politics. There is warfare because war is motivated by political objectives and the only means to achieve these political objectives is the commitment of war. Therefore he argues that what determines the character and activities of military operations are what the military leaders do in following the authority given to them by the state driven by political aims. In this manner, since the military are under the ruling governing body of the state, the states which compose of the public sector can also exercise their authority over military activities. But what was the most important message Clausewitz wants to convey is that although war is not extraordinary, the waging of war must be dependent on the political situation of those who wages it and with their allies and enemies. The strength of the military is not an assurance for victory but a defensive war seems to be the contributory factor in achieving victory. The machines that man made for human destruction and the skill those soldiers learned were all part of human endeavor to achieve victory. But these machines are useless unless use in the battlefield and maneuvered with precise realistic approach to warfare which include the art of defense and offense and military skills (Jolley, 2003). As a Prussian staff officer with political and military responsibility and with combat experience against armies of Revolutionary France, Clausewitz is prominently a military educator. Having to rise to the rank of a Major-General at the age of 38, his book On War which was written in Germanic language became the most important work that is written that deals on the theory of warfare and strategy. The book tells of theories on the area of interest of military strategists, historians, political thinkers and political scientists. Clausewitz has met so many oppositions with his theories contain in his books but his influence is so great that even the Marxists-Leninists, the great navalists Sir Julian Stafford Corbett and the American nuclear strategists apply his principles to their own theoretical application. Although they have different culture, background and military orientation they all share the same belief that Clausewitz’s writings are of fundamental importance not because only of their content but because of the influential his great mind has perceived. The book On War itself is always very hard to read and comprehend because it was still in its unfinished state and so the subjects seem too hard to follow. So many nations and great minds have failed to master it because of its unfamiliar style. But because Clausewitz’s statements define great political thinking, precise military planning with principles of strategic calculations that are used by organizations in developing different strategies, Clausewitz’s ideas evoke superiority in leadership and management in war and of societies. His continuation of defining policy with politics by other means happens to be misunderstood because probably his perception provokes alarm and opposition. According to him he objects on the role of policy makers because these so-called policy makers always tend to create war just to achieve their goals when they cannot achieve it through peaceful means. On the other hand, experienced politicians and soldiers are against it because they know that war becomes really dangerous, chaotic and unpredictable when it is created for political goals. Another great significance of Clausewitz’s theory to the advantage on the development of military strategy is that his ideas integrates a vast range of military concerns which include political, strategic, operational, analytical, tactical, pedagogical and historical concern that are in relation with the fundamental socio-political framework of the military. The good things about his theories is that they also successfully interrelates to a wide range of consideration and can adapt to any political and historical changes that is why until today, Clausewitz’s concept of strategies on war and politics are still being utilized as fundamental in military statesmanship (Bassford, 1996). But what are the main teachings of Clausewitz that they are still utilized in the management of military strategies today?   In teaching Clausewitz’s concept of strategies, military officials try to imbue to their soldiers how to analyze Clausewitz’s theory of war so that they can check on its applicability on the military power on any given time. The soldiers must be able to assess the learning concepts with thorough examination such as learning the nature of warfare as compared during the French revolution against today’s practical application of military concept. As Clausewitz advised, mission analysis is essential to provide the learners or soldiers the sophisticated understanding of war, the nature of war, the purpose of war and the conduct of war. Assessing these activities help the soldiers develop in internalizing their way of thinking so that they may be critical in all areas of war and discover the characteristic of the opponent. Understanding the adversary makes the soldiers be critical on what analytical approach they can do to gain advantage during war. Then the essential points of engagement and following policies must be conveyed to the soldiers. These essential points include how to interact with war and its policy, understanding absolute war vs. the real war, perception on the moral and physical dimensions of war, strategic effects for the future leaders of war, understanding the sources of power and the dialectics of offense and defense. By assessing the principles of Clausewitz, we can now measure success according to the management of war (Bassford, 1985). As a conclusion, as Clausewitz always say that as wars are conceived, the generals of war must have clear idea on what are the goal of this wars. The militaries are learning from Clausewitz’s admonition that no one starts a war or rather nobody in his right mind ought to start a war without prioritizing what the objectives are. The objectives of war can be of political purpose which the military must be aware while the conduct of war is the operational part wherein the military must operate accordingly. This governing principle of Clausewitz will set every war on its course and thus contributory to the development of military strategy. References: ABEGGLEN, C. M. V. (2003) The Influence of Clausewitz on Jomini’s Prà ©cis de l’Art de la Guerre Erlenstrasse 3   4414 Fà ¼llinsdorf, King’s College London. Available from URL: http://www.homepage.bluewin.ch/abegglen/papers/clausewitz_influence_on_jomini.pdf BASSFORD, C. (1985) An Instructor’s Guide To Teaching Clausewitz. Available from URL: http://www.clausewitz.com/CWZHOME/KassNWC/KassNotes3.html BASSFORD, C. (1996) Review Essay: Carl von Clausewitz, On War (Berlin, 1832). Available from URL: http://www.clausewitz.com/CWZHOME/CREV/CWZREV.htm

Clc Teaching Self Advocacy Education Essay

Teaching pupils with larning disablements self protagonism accomplishments is indispensable to guaranting that they reach their greatest potency and are successful in school and for the remainder of their lives. It is indispensable for larning handicapped pupils to go their ain advocators. This paper will specify what a learning disablement is, supply cognitive and metacognitive schemes to learn pupils with larning disablements and the importance and methods to go self advocators. It will further explicate the necessity for developing survey accomplishments, societal accomplishments and passage accomplishments to going a self advocator. What is a Learning Disability? Many pupils confronting the challenges of being diagnosed with a learning disablement will most frequently inquiry others sing the existent definition of a acquisition disablement followed by the obvious inquiry of how can this be remedied. The basic definition of a learning disablement is this: a neurological upset that causes issues with forming, retrieving, and showing information that is received by the encephalon. This disablement most frequently affects reading, composing, comprehension, and concluding accomplishments. Probably the most of import construct for pupils and parents confronting this upset is to understand that there are many schemes that that can help them in nearing larning troubles in the schoolroom, even though there is no absolute remedy. It is besides of import for pupils to understand that larning disablements affect pupils in many different ways as no two acquisition disablements are precisely the same. The specific acquisition disablements are: dyslexia-which refers to troubles in reading ; dysgraphia-which refers to troubles in authorship ; and dyscalculia-which refers to troubles in math ( NICHCY, 2011 ) . Cognitive Schemes Cognitive schemes will assist us to retrieve to form content information ( OLRC News Winter 2004 ) . One manner of utilizing a cognitive scheme is by looking at images and header of a text as you skim over a page when reading. Taking notes is besides another manner to assist a pupil to retrieve of import parts of a text. Learning how to decently utilize cognitive schemes to construct your reading accomplishment will enable the pupil to cognize which parts of a text they will be able to jump over and which portion of a text they will necessitate to read. Using an lineation or diagram will besides assist the pupil to retrieve of import facts. A good get downing topographic point to get down these schemes would be: Memory – visual image, verbalisation, mnemonics, associations, lumping authorship, or combinations Calculation and job work outing – verbalisation, visual image, lumping, associations, cues Reading truth and eloquence – self-questioning, unitization, context hints, repeated readings Reading comprehension – visual image, oppugning, rereading, foretelling Writing – planning, revising, oppugning, verbalisation, visual image, monitoring ( OLRC News, Winter 2004 ) The instructor will necessitate to depict the scheme to the pupil. One manner of making this is by patterning the scheme. Besides the instructor will necessitate to utilize guided pattern and let for feedback. Using these different types of cognitive schemes will assist the LD pupil to be successful. Metacognitive Schemes A metacognitive scheme is an attack to assist pupils acknowledge their ain idea and logical thinking in being able to problem-solve and remember information ( Vaidya, 1999 ) . One of import metacognitive scheme is the usage of mnemonics ; utilizing a word where the letters in the word each base for a piece of information or a measure in a procedure. Students are frequently taught mnemonics to retrieve the names of planets, the order of operations, names of the Great Lakes and for retrieving the periodic tabular array. Students with learning disablements are non easy able to remember information antecedently learned and hence, have trouble showing it once more. The benefit to utilizing this scheme provides pupils a tool to assist them acknowledge when they have trouble retrieving information and can assist a pupil callback information and how to remember it. This provides a sense of independent achievement where pupils recognize their disablement but have schemes to work with it. Teachers should guarantee pupils larn when to utilize this scheme, how to utilize it and how to develop it. Once pupils learn a procedure or have been taught information, instructors should explicitly learn this scheme, proctor pupils during it and assist them implement it to retain the information. Having pupils create their ain mnemonics helps them to acknowledge how it can assist remember information. When they encounter information they feel is hard to retrieve, they teach themselves ways to retrieve it. Importance of Developing Self-Advocacy Skills Self-advocacy accomplishments are the accomplishments one needs or possesses to pass on one ‘s needs and/or every bit good as their standing up for one ‘s rights. It involves doing determinations and taking duty for them. â€Å" Surveies of extremely successful grownups with larning disablements have identified the ability to self-advocate as an of import factor lending to success † ( Albert, Alberta Learning. Learning and Teaching Resources Branch, 2002 ) . Everyone uses self-advocacy accomplishments to some grade or another nevertheless, pupils with larning disablements, have typically had less pattern developing these accomplishments, as parents, instructors and professionals have typically done this for them. Recently, more focal point has been on learning larning handicapped pupils how to recommend for themselves to be successful. Study Skills Every pupil must develop some type or signifier of survey accomplishments to accomplish academic success. Learning handicapped pupils must utilize schemes and techniques that enable them to utilize survey accomplishments that meet their alone demands. The accomplishments needed vary greatly by each person ‘s learning manner and their disablement. Knowing what to analyze, how to analyze, be aftering to analyze, puting realistic ends and puting a realistic timeframe can be hard for larning handicapped pupils. Alterations or adjustments that aid may include holding a note-taker, utilizing a tape recording equipment, teacher notes/outline, making an lineation of the stuff, usage of acronyms, cockamamie phrases or word associations, and/or the usage of timers ( Sudita, J, 2000 ) . Social Skills Like all immature people, pupils with disablements must larn the societal accomplishments they will necessitate as grownups. Some pupils with disablements will go to college, some will work and populate independently in the community, and some will necessitate more aid. . Enabling and authorising pupils to direct their ain lives is called self protagonism. As an pedagogue we must lend to developing societal accomplishments, to assist them go a conducive member of society. Some basic societal accomplishments pedagogues may see because pupils with LD have troubles with showing their ideas and positions and happen things like pass oning, following waies, and finishing a undertaking hard ; we must supply them with a supportive environment that allows societal accomplishments to be performed and understood. Playing the portion holding a dinner party or traveling to a film will let the pupil to see existent life state of affairss ; supplying experiences that allow them to get the hang soci etal accomplishments will give them much needed societal competence that is an of import to accomplishing the end of being a ego advocator. Passage Skills Passage planning should be an on-going chance for pupils to larn and pattern duty and self-knowledge. Passage is an ever-changing procedure, and pupils need to be adept plenty to accommodate to the challenge of those alterations. As pedagogues we must assist to develop accomplishments needed to populate life independently. Having them take part and see existent life state of affairss like traveling on a occupation interview, rinsing apparels or opening a bank history. Making some state of affairss hard leting them to do determinations and figure out the best manner is most and of import accomplishment we can assist them larn. Transition is non easy for anyone but mastering and sing existent life state of affairss gives the pupil a basic foundation on traveling frontward to independent life. Decision Students with larning ddisabilities have a neurological upset that causes issues with forming, retrieving, and showing information that is received by the encephalon. Cognitive and metacognitive schemes are imperative to their success. Self protagonism accomplishments help pupils to pass on demands, wants, desires and standing up for one ‘s ego by doing determinations and taking duty for them. To be successful in life, one must develop self advocacy accomplishments. It is important for larning handicapped pupils to get down larning these accomplishments early in their instruction. Learning handicapped pupils must trust on geting survey accomplishments, societal accomplishments and transitional accomplishments to accomplish success.

Online shopping vs. Traditional Shopping Essay

Shopping is an exciting part of American culture, whether you participate or not. With a boost from cyberspace, a person can buy just about anything without leaving the couch. Both types of transactions coexist with one another, yet window-shopping is a distinctly different experience from Internet shopping. Shopping is no longer as simple as it used to be, especially if you’re picky. Whether it’s web-based or face-to-face browsing, there are some benefits and downfalls to both methods that differentiate the two, even though they each accomplish a common goal. When shopping traditionally there is a limitation to some extent, whether it’s a variety of size, color, brand, or availability. Shopping at the store can be convenient, yet frustrating. Finding what you need takes patience and sometimes a little help. Also, depending on the demand, a store may not always have a product in stock. Even more irritating is finding what you need, just not the right size. Each of these situations makes online shopping the more appealing option. When shopping on the Internet, there are endless options and variety to choose from. Online customers can search for any product; browse by category, color, size, brand, etc.; or just take a peek at everything in a matter of minutes. Another appealing factor to Internet shopping is the availability to choose from additional colors, styles, or sizes because of the mass compiling of inventory. Additionally, a benefit from buying from huge online retailers is that pricing may be more competitive because it is coming from the direct or discount supplier, which minimizes the middlemen. Lastly, and most obviously, customers shopping over the web have no geographic limits. A person can enjoy any good around the world without having to go the distance to retrieve it, which makes Internet shopping so unique. Despite the fascination with online shopping, there is only so much an Internet connection and domain can do for you. Browsing a website’s product listing is in no way comparable to being able to physically touch, see, smell, or feel a product when making a purchase. Looks can be deceiving, as well as luring descriptions. No matter what angle its viewed from, pictures only provide a two-dimensional detail of a product in the most attractive lighting, with the happiest people enjoying it, or the best looking person  modeling it. Making a decision based on these intentionally placed marketing methods can alter a consumer’s perception of the true quality of a product, more than likely resulting in dissatisfaction. What makes traditional shopping more appealing in this aspect is that a consumer is more than likely aware of what their buying into, rather than blindly buying into a false belief. A person is capable of fully experiencing the true quality of a product without a bias on it’s presentation. By witnessing a product in material form, consumers are given the opportunity to make a judgment without having to dodge marketing obstacles. A person’s five senses assist in getting to the bottom of the misunderstanding created by deceptive showcasing techniques and assure the best decision. Likewise, when deals in cyberspace seem too good to be true, they usually are. A person’s susceptibility to scam is increased when shopping on the Internet. The occurrence of personal information theft, such as credit cards, is alarmingly high. When shopping traditionally, a person is not faced with as high of chances of this happening. Due to the existence of many untrusted or sketchy websites, a person may not want to be so quick to hand over method of payment. Also, even if a website is trusted, there is always room for error, especially when a computer is the main coordinator of the order processing. The possibility of receiving the incorrect item from the supplier is a risk that is taken each time a person resorts to Internet shopping. Making Internet order returns are an even trickier task, whereas returning an item to a traditional store is just as simple as the way you bought it. Internet merchandise returns can take several weeks to process and refunds can come in exchanges, full refunds, or store credit, adding to the inconvenient complications. Nevertheless, nobody usually enjoys spending long hours at the store, making a trip to a mall out of town, or doing anything generally shopping related. Traditional shopping can take a lot of energy and effort, inflict stress, and lead to impulse purchases. All of these results are undesirable and easily avoided through Internet shopping. With a computer or smartphone, a person has access to millions of online stores as well as websites to favorite traditional stores. All of these options are available from the  comfort of any home (with internet of course.) You can shop on your own time rather than the hours of operation of a traditional store. Heck, you can even shop naked if you desire. Not only can using this alternative make shopping convenient and easy, shipping of products is extremely affordable and sometimes free. Money and time usually spent on transportation and food when shopping formally can be saved, on top of the savings one can find online. Finding deals on the web is just as easy, if not easier, than traditional shopping. Also, buying gifts and other personal items can be done in privacy/secrecy when necessary. In conclusion, both methods of shopping are full of differences and similarities that make them unique in some approach. Traditional shopping allows for inclusion of the five senses, quick and safe transactions, and a more formal experience that includes the customer; whereas Internet shopping is convenient and easy, provides increased option, and helps to save money. Due to the variation in execution, both methods have an appropriate time and place to occur, yet in the end, internet shopping and formal shopping are interchangeable, despite the discrepancies.

Culture of Ecuador Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Culture of Ecuador - Essay Example The developing country in South America in the Western hemisphere, Ecuador is a country in which underdevelopment has been a feature of the political landscape in the post-independence period, in which subsistence is the norm and poverty runs rampant. Situated in north-west South America and bordering Columbia and Peru, Ecuador remains poverty-stricken and effectively removed from the forces of economic globalization which has come to characterize the developed West world. Seeking to address the history of this country as well as provide a social study of Ecuador today, this essay will begin with an introduction to this Latin American nation and follow with an analysis of the history and ethnic relations of Ecuador, the food and economy as well as the religious and political situation in Ecuador today. Seeking to provide as holistic an analysis as possible, we conclude with a concise overview of each issue studied and provide a comprehensive conclusion regarding the Ecuadorian condit ion today. Introduction Nicknamed the Light of America, Ecuador is a Spanish-speaking country in Latin America which shares relatively secure borders with Peru and Columbia as well as has direct access to the Pacific coast. Although originally, inhabited by the Amerindian Quitu, Caras and Incan people, Ecuador today is inhabited by a mix mestizo, Amerindian and European populations. Centered in the colonial capital of Quito, Ecuador history is fascinating and a brief overview of the history of this small nation is necessary in order to full situate the country within a larger historical context.

MGT501 - Management and Organizational Behavior Mod 3 SLP Essay

MGT501 - Management and Organizational Behavior Mod 3 SLP - Essay Example It was interesting to take the summary. Everyone wants to know more about their own personality and under the circumstances, it is definitely good to know that best way to learn. The questions always seem a little strange at first but once the assessment is completed it seems to make sense why those questions were ask. It seems from the results that they were pretty close but it seems that someone else would be able to tell you that better than yourself. It is awfully hard to judge ones own personality and learning style. That is why an assessment like this is so helpful. The things about me that are strongest and I believe will be most helpful in the workplace and as a manager are social skills, listening and verbal skills, and logical skills. Actually it seems those are the skills that a manager should have. The manager in a department or organization should be able to stay logical, hear their employees, be able to verbalize and communicate and do it in a way that feels social. The only problem is that the social skills were my highest learning skills and that could be a problem. Being too social can be a bigger issue that it is a help. It is not seen favorably by bosses that give you a boost up the ladder. It seems that the best thing of these issues that I can do for my management style is to cultivate the aural and verbal as well as logical skills but find a way to learn to be a better manager by using the social skills in another way. Although there are times when it is important. I know that seldom does my boss join us for social occasions such as birthdays out etc but once in a while would be a good thing. It would make us feel more like he knew something about us so I might try to temper some of that with the personality traits that I try to learn for a better management style. Individual learning and organizational learning are really interconnected. We have discussed the organization as

Assignment 5 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

5 - Assignment Example Everyone has got a story to tell. The narrator talks gently about his present wife Laura whose affection he worships, and it is evident in the attention he gives to subtle gestures and touches between them. Terry`s story about her past lover who wanted to kill her out of jealousy serves as the reason of the arguments on the subject of love. While Terry insists that wanting to kill someone and dying for someone is still love her present husband Mal denies her point of view. However, he is also puzzled by the phenomenon of love when he wonders where all the love between him and his first wife gone. Now he wishes her to get married or to die. When people talk about love they talk about death as well because these two concepts are inseparable. That is why the story about an elderly couple touches everyone as Mal tells in agitation of a man who being injured very badly was depressed only because he could not see his wife. Probably, in this context the dreams about knights look very extrao rdinary. However, the quote that touched me and helped me to grasp the message of the story was about knights. When Mal expresses his desire to be a knight he understands how easy it was to die in those times though there were no cars and

Why a College Degree is Important in Achieving Success Essay

Why a College Degree is Important in Achieving Success - Essay Example The job marketplace has changed due to the shift in developed nation towards a knowledge economy. In the social reality of the 21st century, people must seek education in order to get ahead in life.   A person’s level of intelligence does even if is really high, does not make a human exempt from the need of obtaining a college degree. Not having a college diploma closes many doors in the corporate world and limits the job alternatives a person can apply for. A person who has a bachelor’s degree earns an average salary of $51,554, which is much higher than the $28,645 average annual salary a person with a high diploma earns (Kelley, 2006). A college degree is a worthwhile investment in everyone’s future. Sometimes a young person has a tough time choosing a major when considering applying for college; it is worthwhile noting that most people do not end up working in their college field of study (Agoinst, 2008). A college degree does much more than providing a human with a specific skill set that can be applied to particular work field. It is a maturing process in which a student learns interpersonal skills, responsibility, the ability to analyze information, and many other cognitive abilities which increase the value of a person in the entire labor marketplace. In an economic environment such what were are seeing in the United States where there are massive jobs losses and a rising unemployment rate which in November 2008 reached 6.7%, the highest level in over a decade, workers must become more knowledgeable and skilled to compete in the job marketplace (Bls, 2008). A college degree is more important than ever. The new jobs being created in the new economy required knowledge of new technologies and people better prepared to handle vast amounts of information.  

Journalism, Mass Media and Communication Coursework

Journalism, Mass Media and Communication - Coursework Example The Press Association, under this Ministry broke the story. This is the department which is responsible over the evening papers regarding the ministry. As a result of the integration in the communication industry, the story builds up thus reaching the masses. In reference with Sally Grimes, a Stringer from Rome, it is evident that Alicia Beddi, the alleged, argued that the British government Minister Riskitt left her flat in the Via Venuto. This is a report collected by the Sunday Watchdog. She also adds in the report that the minister is living with some friends some distance from Rome (Kovach and Rosenstiel 2009).With an aim to honour his position in the government, Robin Bland, a staff reports that the minister reassigned from the government. His wife Sally also promises to back the husband in his defence against the allegation. The minister claims that he resigned to stand a firm position to defend the allegation. His popular figure in the Old Town, resulting from his mother†™s achievements also pushes him to clean his name under the affair allegations. Jas Patel, Blacktown correspondent strongly backs the Minister’s innocence. She claims that the MP has been a faithful member in service of his people. This was at a press conference at the MP’s constituency. Mrs. Lorna the regional Chairperson also argues that is a national disgrace that the newspaper has made such publications alleging the misconduct by the MP. She states that she is convinced that the MP has answers to the allegations.

E scan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

E scan - Assignment Example There are government policies that are not clear enough to play a role of reducing the conflict between the air transport industry and its employees. These conflicts are one major setback facing the airline and they mount pressure on the government to formulate universal policies that will benefit the industry and its players. According to Hale (177), the ability of businesses to create employment, taxes for government projects and to strengthen the economy has made government to be concerned and take leading role in setting policies that affect businesses. These policies should empower the organizations to grow even more. The overall economy and economic growth of Canada has direct impact on Air Canada’s operations and success. According to Bühring-Uhle, Kirchhoff and Scherer (7) universal business exchanges consider the value of the currency of the other parties in the trade. This is considered so as to place all parties involved in a successful path rather than suffering losses caused by indifferent exchange rates. Inflation and unpredictable exchange rates makes it hard to conduct future prospects and plan effectively. Taxation rates for the aviation industry increases the operation costs, which are then pushed to the consumer as they are charged high fees for flights. Money-based forces such as the expensive maintenance costs of the airlines and competition from other airlines increases the financial challenges of Air Canada. According to Jain, Trehan and Trehan (237), changes in the social behavior can mainly affect on an organizations products and the state of mind of the customers to react to various products of Air Canada and to utilize the services at hand. It is thus very important for Air Canada to be as much focused on improving its services on a regular basis so as to enjoy brand loyalty from its customers, and create understanding of its renewed focus to serve clients

Assignment 6 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignment 6 - Coursework Example Thus, Americans need a good understanding of Islamic religion and culture in order to operate effectively in such regions. 2. 6- A) Guanxi refers to relationship networks supported by reciprocation known as connections. On the other hand, guanxiwang is referred to as â€Å"relationship network.† These are very important in business since they help to create a network that can help sustain a business. In other words, it helps build long term relationship or bond between the business and its targeted consumers (Ridley, 254). B) The experience of DMG tells us that connections that emanate from what is known as guanxi determine the way things work in China. The connections spell the relationships that exist but the case of Dan Mintz shows that he found a way around them to get things done. This strategy may be helpful in creating new connections especially by going over the existing relations in order to create new connections. C) The ethical issues that are likely to arise when drawing upon guanxiwang to get things done in China involve elements of truthfulness and honest when conducting business. More emphasis is put on personal relationships. However, there are some limits of using guanxiwang for a Western business committed to high ethical standards given that focus is on relationships while western cultures stress the importance of

Reflective Account Essay Example for Free

Reflective Account Essay This seemed to keep his mind off worrying about were his wife or daughter was and stopped him from wanting to walk about the ward. After a while the patient asked if he could lie down for a while, and I explained that this was ok. I lowered the bed for the patient as low as it would go, to prevent the patient from falling or injuring himself while climbing into the bed. By doing this I was following the guidelines set out by the health and safety at work act 1972 and carrying out risk assessments to prevent harm to myself or others. Once the patient had got into the bed safely I put the bed side up to prevent him from falling out while he was sleeping, I then gave him his buzzer. Before leaving the room I asked the patient if he would like the room door left open or closed over, by doing this I was promoting the patients right to choice and individuality. I then left the room and closed the door as the patient had requested, and told the staff nurse in charge of him, that he was now sleeping, and that I had emptied his catheter bag and updated the fluid balance chart. I had to tell the staff nurse that I had left the room, so that if anything happened they knew that I was not there, as I would be accountable for it. Being accountable for my actions is one of the NMC code of conduct and is in line with professional accountability. I think that this task was very fulfilling as I was able to help other staff around me, as well as keep a patient calm. I enjoyed talking to the patient and found it very interesting. It also allowed me to practice keeping patient’s charts up to date. References

Natural Environment and Early Human Development Essay Example for Free

Natural Environment and Early Human Development Essay In order to support the idea of nurture influences on early human development, psychologists have done some researches on several factors of early human development. One of these factors is motor development. All children go through the same stages which begin with rolling over and end by walking. However, it seems that motor behaviours can be improved by practice or encouragement. This belief is supported by Zelazo and Kolb (1972) who did an experiment where infants, who were given stepping practice during the first two months, began walking five to seven weeks earlier than babies who had no practice. Such a result can be considered as an environmental influence. Another factor, which has been researched, is speech development. Speech can be improved by more talking with babies or rewarding them for making speech sounds. Kagan (1979) claimed that children, who were reared in middle-class American homes, begin to speak one year earlier than children reared in some villages such as San Marcos due to the fact that these children, culturally, have little â€Å"verbal interaction† with adults. This research assures the importance of the environments, nurture, in early human development. In conclusion, psychologists and scientist have been arguing as to whether nature or nurture has more influence on early human development. As a result both heredity or the nature and environment or nurture are important factors in shaping human personality, but environment is the more important one. Because nature only goes so far whereas further growth and development is formed by the environments influence on early human development.

Analysis of Singapore Airlines Limited

Analysis of Singapore Airlines Limited Air travel remains a large and rapidly growing industry. It promotes the world trade, enhances economic growth, international investment, tourism and this perhaps makes it key to the globalisation process in other industries. The airline industry has been weighed down by numerous macro-level socio-economic factors which include rise in oil price, the Tsunami case, increase in terrorism, SARS epidemic and these have been of negative influence to the profit level of the industry (Journal of Air Transport management, 2010). Singapore Airline Limited which is the worlds second biggest airline by market capitalization with its headquarters in Singapore was formed in 1947 by British interests as the Malayan Airways but became SIA in 1972 after it split from the Malaysian airline. The company along with its subsidiaries is engaged in airlines operations, airport terminal services, engineering services and other related activities with more than 30,088 employees as at March 31, 2010. The group operates in East Asia, south west pacific, Europe, the Americas, west Asia and Africa, with 66 destinations in 36 countries on 726 weekly flights with about 106 fleets (DATAMONITOR, 2010). The group which is owned by the Singapore Government through its parent company Temasek Group owns 54.5% of the company shares. The group recorded revenues of S$12,707.3 million during the financial year ended, as on march 31, 2010 with a 20.56% decrease from the previous year. Its operating profit was S$63.2 million during the 2010 fiscal year ended which was represents a 93.0% change from the previous year also. Profit attributable to equity share holders of the company was at S$216 million with a 79.7% decrease from the 2009 financial year ended.(Singapore airlines, 2010). The decrease was as a result of low demand for airline and cargo operations as a result of the economic crisis. The primary objective of this report is to analyse the airline industry, its major market players, and alliances, examine the key driving forces of change and assess the present state of the sector in relation with Singapore airline limited. Finally this report will also concentrate on the analysis of Singapore airline limited financial statements and compare its records with one of its main competitors. 1. BACKGROUND TO THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY The airline industry had total revenue of $1380.5 in 2009 which represents an annual growth rate of 2.5% between 2005 and 2009. The airline industry volume also increased its growth between 2005 and 2009 by 2.56% to get a total of $2,002.9 million passengers in 2009(DATAMONITOR, online). The global airline industry reduced in 2009 due to the global recession but from forecasts it will develop strong growth by 5% before 2014(DATAMONITOR, online). Some of the major passenger airlines include Cathay pacific, the emirates, U.S airways, Japan airlines; air France-Klm and south west airlines e.t.c. Cathay pacific won the 2009 airline of the year title in the famous world awards replacing Singapore airlines. 1.1 AIRLINE INDUSTRY MERGERS AND ALLIANCES Deresky (2006), defined strategic alliances as partnership between two or more firms that decide they can better pursue their mutual goals by combining their resources as well as their existing distinctive competitive advantages. Airline industry mergers are formed in response to the dynamic economic conditions of the aviation industry and determine cooperate aims of competitive ratios (ECONOMIC WATCH, online). This involves leasing of airplanes and purchasing airplanes as well. For instance the case of Air France takeover of Klm in 2004 by acquiring 89% of its shares has enhanced the number of flights and offers various flight options to select from. In addition to mergers, airlines are forming alliances with one another in order to achieve network size economies through code sharing as well as scale economies in the purchase of fuel and aircraft, combining forces to make purchases serves to increase the industry players bargaining power and therefore reduce supplier power. There are 3 major passenger alliances in the airline industry which are SKY TEAM founded in 2000, ONE WORLD founded in 1999 and STAR ALLIANCE founded in 1997 with 27 members and a market share of 29.3% of whom Singapore airlines joined the group in 2000 in order to broaden its flights network and to increase its competitive advantage. Thus, this has increased SIAs global presence through code sharing as their star alliance network covers 1,160 destinations in 181 countries. 2. DRIVING FORCES FOR CHANGE/ LIMITATION Key driving forces for change within an industry are external factors which cause change to the system of interest to stakeholders in that they are considered to be beyond the control of these stakeholders. Driving forces can include changes in social, technological, environmental, economic and political factors. An examination of the factors influencing an industry is a general way to begin the industry analysis and such a study is used to develop the competitive advantage of the organization to enable it defeat its rivals. (lynch, 2006:93). This is always done by the porters five forces framework analysis. The external environment has an enormous impact on the airline industry. There has been unstable time for the airline industry. It has been confronted with a market decline in international tourism in the aftermath of September 2011 terrorist attack in the united states and more recently traffic loss attributable to the war in Iraq and several terrorist activities. 2.1 Porters 5 Forces frame work on Airline industry Threat of New Entrants. Youll need to look at whether there are substantial costs to access bank loans and credit. If borrowing is cheap, then the likelihood of more airliners entering the industry is higher. The more new airlines that enter the market, the more saturated it becomes for everyone. Brand name recognition and frequent fliers point also play a role in the airline industry. An airline with a strong brand name and incentives can often lure a customer even if its prices are higher. Distribution is not easy for new entrants as there is need for establishment of online booking system, and relationships with the sales intermediaries. Power of Suppliers. The airline supply business is mainly dominated by Boeing and Airbus which has high power. Supplier power in this industry is so much that airlines have to go into contract with the suppliers of the aircraft. Constant increase in oil price also tends to boost the supplier power of the industry. In 2010 year ended, Singapore airlines reported that 33% of its cost was fuel (DATAMONITOR 2010). Another factor that boosts the supplier power has to do with the maintenance of the aircraft as a result of cost of funding staffs, mechanics for routine check on aircraft. Power of Buyers. The bargaining power of buyers in the airline industry is on the high side. There are over a hundred of airlines companies which operate in the Asian region and as a result of this, there are numerous choices for the individual to choose from and at most times would go for the low carriers. Availability of Substitutes. For regional airlines, the threat might be a little higher than international carriers. When determining this you should consider time, money, personal preference and convenience in the air travel industry. Competitive Rivalry. Highly competitive industries generally earn low returns because the cost of competition is high. This can spell disaster when times get tough in the economy. 3. SINGAPORE AIRLINES STRATEGIC POSITION. As Porter (1986, cited in Philips and Fox, 2003) stressed that, Competing internationally is a necessity rather than a matter of discretion for many firms, this states that the success of almost every international company will depend on how effectively they can compete on an international scale. This section aims to identify the current strategic posture used by Singapore airlines limited successfully, within the era of globalisation. In the airline environment, Singapore airline has always outperformed its competitors. It has never posted a loss on annual basis, has achieved substantial and superior returns compared to its industry and has received hundreds of achievements awards for its service quality. This success has been achieved by the company through the dual process of differentiation through service excellence and innovation coupled with cost leadership among its peers. Singapore airline has achieved sustainable competitive advantage and has consistently out performed its competitors through out its three and half decade history. The key success to this may be said to be the fact that it manages to navigate through two poles which most companies think are distinct. At cooperate level, Singapore airlines works with diversification. The airline group has 36 direct subsidiaries and associated companies which includes Singapore airline terminal, Singapore engineering company and Singapore airlines cargo.(Singapore airlines,2008). Its airline subsidiaries which include 100% ownership of Silk air, 49% of Tiger airways and 49% of Virgin Atlantic is said to cover the customer areas within the industry in terms of domestic and international distance. As part of its international strategy, SIA in 2000 joined the star alliance which has been noted earlier in the report. Strategies of differentiation and cost leadership have necessitated different and incompatible investments and organizational models. A strategy of differentiation implies high quality offering and significant investment in innovation, staff development and branding which results to high cost. SIA achieves these but with a low cost. The table below outlines many of elements in relation to the dual strategy of integrating elements of differentiation and cost leadership in SIA. Table 1 Elements of differentiation and cost leadership strategies at SIA Differentiation Positioning of service excellence and superior quality, brad equity(marketing strategy) Developing the Singapore girl( hr development policies) In-flight experience(young fleet, entertainment system, gourmet cuisine-operations strategy) Cultural values and practice of constant innovation and learning. Changi airport one of the worlds best(related infrastructure) Premium pricing in Singapore and in business/first class and higher load factor as differentiation indicators. Cost Leadership Young fleet (fuel efficiency, lower maintenance costs, effective fuel hedging, paying cash for planes. Labour costs compared to major competitors (16.6% vs. 30%); continuous drive for productivity, cost reduction programmes. Related diversification through efficient subsidiaries that contribute to bottom line. Cultural values; cost consciousness, obsession with reducing wastage. Innovations not only to increase differentiation but also efficiency. Changi airport as one of the most efficient(related infrastructure) L.heracleous, J.Witz. Journal of air transport management (2009) Singapore Airlines Ltd maintained its leading position in air through stellar marketing campaigns, cutting capacity while increasing passenger load and by constantly innovating in offering the latest technology for its new products and services in-flight 4. SINGAPORE AIRLINES FINANCIAL ANALYSIS IN THE LAST 5 YEARS. Singapore airline over the past 5 years has experienced growth until the 2008 economic crisis which decreased its revenue growth by 20.56%. In terms of return on assets, the airline company experienced a downturn last year. Despite this they still show a decent ability to generate profit from each asset controlled. The 2010 ROA figure which is 1.13 is lower due to the previous years economic crisis. This is also the case of ROIC which stood at 1.71 at the end of the FY 2010(Thomson one banker), showing that the allocation of resources and investments has justified Singapore airlines. From the view point of last five years; the company has experienced growth. From the gross profit margin point-of-view the company has experienced a slight increase to 14.75 over last years 12.83. 4.1 QUICK AND CURRENT RATIO OF SIA OVER THE PAST 5 YEARS SIA over the past 5 years has made an increase in its acid ration other than in 2009 when it dropped due to the global economic crisis. in the year ended march 2010, they were able to operate a ration of 1:33 which makes it able to meet current obligations using liquid assets. on the other hand, the current ratio of 1.45 as at march 2010, is acceptable. From the financial analysis it is clear to see that even though the Singapore airlines enjoyed constant growth almost in every aspect in the analysis, the year 2009 was very difficult as earlier noted due to the financial crisis but records from the FY ended march 2010 shows its on the recovery. 4.2 COMPARISON OF SIA FINANCIALS TO CATHAY PACIFIC AIRWAYS Following the financial analysis of Singapore airlines highlighted above, a brief comparison of its finances with Cathay pacific Airways with regards to Sales, Return on Assets and Return on invested capital. SIA recorded a net sale increase of 0.15% in 2009 and 20.56% decline in 2010 where as Cathay Pacific Airways recorded a net sales decline of 22.63% in 2009 financial year. On Returns on Invested Capital, SIA recorded a 1.71% growth rate in 2010 over the 6.69% growth rate in 2009 whereas Cathay Pacific recorded 7.31% growth on Return on Invested Capital. (Thomson One Banker, 2010). This record perhaps shows the effect of SIAs business strategy and its effects on competitive advantage in the airline industry. 5 SINGAPORE AIRLINES AND ITS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY This is concerned with company ethics and social responsibility. Singapore airlines took many activities to maintain company ethics. For instance it is the first airline in the world to fly the new Airbus A380 which is preparing for the first commercial flight of the double Decker jumbo jet from Singapore to Sidney and return. It took place in October 2007 and in a first time move, all proceeds from the sale of tickets on the first flight was donated to charity organisations. Singapore Airlines Ltd considers environmental awareness to be very important, and in 2009 introduced initiatives to reduce 550, 000 tons of carbon emissions (Singapore Airlines,2010) The companys efforts included studies on the effectiveness of carbon offsets, the maintenance of a young and modern fleet of aircraft which was environmentally efficient and the establishment of a Fuel Conservation Committee that looked into fuel efficiency, waste management and water-saving devices. SIA also took delivery of 12 new aircraft which are quieter and boast substantially lower fuel burn per-seat-kilometre and lower carbon emissions. CONCLUSION In response to the adverse business conditions within airlines, SIA planned to reduce capacity by 11% to match demand, translating to suspensions of flights on a range of routes such as to Amritsar, and use of smaller aircraft on others. Secondly, it reduced fuel surcharges on short and medium-haul segments by around 5% to 21%, with highest reduction for short haul segments in economy class, which was the most active segment in the downturn. Thirdly, it negotiated a delay of delivery for eight A380 aircraft on firm order with Airbus. Fourthly, it drastically reduced airfares and engaged in various promotional activities. This has continually kept it in top priority among its peers in the airline industry and perhaps there has been a positive forecast of the companys growth in few years time.